Innovación tecnológica y trazabilidad digital en la gestión de activos biológicos en Ecuador
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Palabras clave

Activos biológicos
trazabilidad digital
innovación tecnológica
contabilidad
auditoría
Biological assets
digital traceability
technological innovation
accounting
auditing

Categorías

Cómo citar

Pino-Proaño, B. D., Sani-Andrango, F. G., & López-Fraga, P. (2025). Innovación tecnológica y trazabilidad digital en la gestión de activos biológicos en Ecuador. ISTE SCIENTIST, 4(02), 61-75. https://revistas.iste.edu.ec/index.php/reviste/article/view/49

Resumen

En sectores con actividades agrícolas, ganaderas y ambientales, la gestión de activos se torna estratégica durante la toma de decisiones administrativas de gran escala. Por lo anterior mencionado, la presente investigación tiene por objetivo el identificar la forma en que la trazabilidad digital optimiza la gestión de activos en términos de eficiencia y fiabilidad según los lineamientos de la Norma Internacional de Contabilidad IAS 41 y los reglamentos establecidos por el Servicio de Rentas Internas (SRI) de Ecuador. Se emplea un enfoque tecnológico administrativo con diseño cualitativo cuantitativo en el que interviene la revisión documental, el análisis normativo y la elaboración de una entrevista semiestructurada empleados en un caso de estudio de empresas agrícolas y ganaderas del Ecuador. Los resultados se centran en que el uso de sistemas como RFID, ERP, blockchain y sensores IoT automatizan el sistema de registros contables empleando el método de seguimiento en tiempo real reduciendo errores dentro de la planificación estratégica. Se considera que en pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES), existen barreras como la resistencia al cambio o la falta de una infraestructura digital que limitan la entrada de la innovación tecnológica dentro de sus estructuras contables. En conclusión, la trazabilidad digital en conjunto con la innovación tecnológica fortalece la eficiencia administrativa de las PYMES de forma que reducen los tiempos de respuesta durante las auditorías contables y en cumplimiento con los estándares contables internacionales. Se recomienda que se adopten las estrategias tecnológicas dentro de las políticas de control interno para asegurar que la gestión contable sea sostenible a lo largo de los años.

 

Abstract

The management of biological assets is strategic in the agricultural, livestock, and environmental sectors, impacting accounting, auditing, and administrative decision-making. This study aims to analyze how technological innovation and digital traceability optimize the management of these assets, ensuring transparency, efficiency, and reliability of financial information, in compliance with International Accounting Standard IAS 41 and Ecuador’s Internal Revenue Service (SRI) regulations. A technological–administrative approach with a qualitative–quantitative design was employed, combining document review, regulatory analysis, case studies in agricultural and livestock companies, and semi-structured interviews with accountants, auditors, and managers. Results show that adopting technologies such as ERP systems, IoT sensors, blockchain, and RFID enables automation of accounting records, real-time tracking of asset life cycles, error and duplication reduction, auditing reinforcement, and improved strategic planning. Implementation challenges include resistance to change, budgetary constraints, and technological infrastructure in small and medium enterprises. In conclusion, the progressive integration of technological innovation and digital traceability not only ensures compliance with international and local accounting standards but also strengthens administrative efficiency, transparency, and sector competitiveness. Continuous training, robust internal control policies, and context-adapted technological strategies are recommended to maximize benefits and ensure sustainable and reliable management of biological assets in Ecuador.

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Referencias

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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.

Derechos de autor 2025 ISTE SCIENTIST

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