Procesos adaptativos en la implementación de modelos de Triple Hélice: una revisión semi- sistemática de la literatura
Palabras clave:
innovación, triple hélice, revisión literariaResumen
La innovación ha sido definida como la aplicación de conocimientos previos o nuevos para satisfacer las demandas tanto individuales o colectivas dentro de contextos sociales específicos. En particular, la tendencia fomenta un modelo de innovación más abierto donde la transferencia de conocimientos opera a partir de una lógica interactiva tal como se evidencia en los modelos de Triple Hélice (3H), surgido con el objetivo de propiciar vías de desarrollo local a través del establecimiento de vínculos colaborativos entre diferentes actores institucionales de la sociedad, concretamente, la universidad, el gobierno y la empresa. No obstante, el desarrollo de modelos de múltiples hélices no es una tarea sencilla al requerir de la armonización de varios sistemas complejos. Para comprender la evolución del fenómeno de implementación de modelos 3H a nivel mundial se realizó una revisión semi sistemática o narrativa de la literatura a partir de un proceso que permitió la identificación de artículos científicos relevantes en bases de datos científicas: Scopus y Web of Science. Se obtuvo un total de 136 artículos publicados sobre la temática entre 2006 y 2020. Al analizar el traslape entre documentos de ambas fuentes de información, únicamente se evidenció una duplicidad del 1.5%. A partir de la evidencia bibliográfica, fue posible realizar un análisis narrativo donde se identifican cinco ejes temáticos comunes: multidimensionalidad de procesos de innovación, variaciones contextuales de modelos 3H/4H, vías de cooperación en modelos 3H/4H, caracterización de procesos interactivos en modelos 3H/4H y retos metodológicos en el análisis de interacciones en modelos 3H/4H.
Palabras clave: innovación, triple hélice, revisión literaria.
Abstract
Innovation has been defined as the application of previous or new knowledge to satisfy individual or collective demands within specific social contexts. In particular, the trend encourages a more open innovation model where the transfer of knowledge operates from an interactive logic as evidenced in the Triple Helix (3H) models, which emerged with the aim of promoting local development paths through the establishment of collaborative links between different institutional actors of society, specifically, the university, the government and the company. However, the development of multi-helix models is not a simple task as it requires the harmonization of several complex systems. In order to understand the evolution of the phenomenon of implementation of 3H models worldwide, a semi-systematic or narrative review of the literature was carried out based on a process that allowed the identification of relevant scientific articles in scientific databases: Scopus and Web of Science. A total of 136 articles published on the subject between 2006 and 2020 were obtained. When analyzing the overlap between documents from both sources of information, only a 1.5% duplication was evidenced. Based on the bibliographic evidence, it was possible to carry out a narrative analysis where five common thematic identified: multidimensionality of innovation processes, contextual variations of 3H/4H models, ways of cooperation in 3H/4H models, characterization of interactive processes in models 3H/4H and methodological challenges in the analysis of interactions in 3H/4H models.
Keywords: innovation, triple helix, literary review.
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